Method of storing and dispensing lumber



Aug. 20, '1935. A B CHAMBERS 2,012,220

METHOD OF STORING AND DISPENSING LUMBER Original Filed Sept. 6, 1932 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 I iI In I II II N II I.: u II F II u I I ITU III :I l II P A11g- 20, 1935. A. B. CHAMBERS 2,012,220

METHOD OF STORING AND DISPENSING LUMBER Originelll Filed Sept. 6, 1932 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 IMQ/YW AH THU/a B. CHAMERs,

www.

A. B. CHAMBERS 2,012,220

(METHOD OF STORING AND DISPENSING LUMBER Aug. 20, 1935.

Original Filed Sept. 6, 1932l 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 ARTHUR B. CHAMERS,

Aug. 20, 1935. v A. BfCHAMBERs n 2,012,220

METHOD OF STORING AND DISPENSINGv LUMBER Original Filed Sept. 6, 1932 8 SheetsSheet 4 VIH ARTHUR B. CHA M35/25,

Grim/man Aug 20, 1935. A. B. CHAMBERS 2,012,220

METHOD OF'- STORING AND DISPENSINGIIUMBER Original Filed Sept. 6, 1932 BSheQtS-Sheet 5 Aug. 20, 1935.. vA. B. CHAMBERS 2,012,220

METHOD OF STORING AND DISPENSING LUMBER Original Filed Sept. 6, 1952 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 K gmc/who@ Afm/UR CHA/45535,

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Aug. 20, 1935. v A. B. CHAMBERS I l 2,012,220

METHOD OF STORING AND DISPENSING LUMBER Org'inal Filed Sept. 6, 1932 l8 Sheets-SheetI '7 LDI-DOK@ MGH/T 'AR mw? 5. C14/mesma GWW.

Y Patented Aug. 20, 1935 gweer;IS'S'IATESr PATENT@Eef LUMBER, 'i

METHOD orf sl'roRING DISPNSING Arthur B. 4 Chambers, llemphis,"V'lennlV Original application September 6', 1932, Serial No.v

631,940. Divided'and this"application February 2l, 1933, Serial Nc.'6l57,885 n This inventionk relates to'alnew and improved methodfof storing anddispensing (merchandis- A ing) lumber, and the present application lis a y isf Y objection to this method is that only a small per'` division 'of my prior application Serial N o. 631,940, ledSeptember, 1932i. v

The present methods of storing, handling and merchandising lumber, .particularly inretail and "semiawholesale.transactions of lumber in single pieces or small bundlesz-handledlike single pieces, 'is wasteful, costly,and unsatisfactory -both to,

dealer and customer. It, involves the piecefhan- '"dling' ofthe lumber many times and'its cutting or trimming in such Ways as to cause losses in time and material, so as vto unavoidably make the expense of storing and handling necessarily j high. Much lumber; because of unsuitablev store age facilities, must be improperly stored; inlthe Y open and exposed to the weather, making it imp ossible'ior'-the dealer to keep his lumbercleam dry and straight, i; e., free from warping,-crook ing or twisting. Y

Heretofore lumber hasV always been sold'on sales basis at so much per thousandfeet An,

centage of people know how to'gurellumber and ithas been possible for an unfairdealer toy take advantage of a customer by deliveringgless lthan y the quantity ordered and paid `for. vThis method alsoin. many cases involves considerable waste on account of the manner in whichthe lumber must be cut by the dealer to iill a certain order in additionto waste later caused in the cutting of the lumber for use.A Y Y i One object of my invention is to provide a method of bundling, storing, handling anddis-r pensing lumber in bundleslarger than can be conveniently handled by handwhereby these objections are avoided, and wherebyr damage to lumber and other losses due to the usual ymethods of storing, handling and dispensing lumbermay beV avoided, and better lumber furnished at lower cost.

A further object of the invention is top rovid n a method whereby bundled lumber in large quantity and'desired varieties, i. e., in larger quantity than can be conveniently handled, but, bundled in suitable sizes and quantities for ready storage Y and sale, may be economically stored andkept dry and clean and free from warping or otlfier-atmos-V pheric damage, and inrsuch manner as to enabler it to be put up forreadysale. and dispensed'with a minimum lof yhandling and without waste, so that lumberin uniformly good conditionmaybe supplied at asaving and with greater satisfacrelationto the stacks. Y K Y ;Fig.f is a side*v view showing` `the arrangement of; bundles in` as tack and the mode of operation A stillifurther object of, the invention is to provide amethod of bundling lumber having for itsA fundamentalprinciple Athe'dispensing of lumber in bundlesv each of-a given lumber, length or aggregate vnumber of feetasa basic unit of sales,V whereby, in making sales a customer will pay a certaingpriceior a bundle' of lumber consisting of a given number oirpiecems, so that inA purchasingglumber, from a'dealer it is onlyfnecessaryfor the `Acustomer to know howgmany pieces vof-r a certainfkin'd orvariety of lumber of a given size he needs and whichcanbe'purchased in bundled form for a stated price,Y whichfbundles'are formed and lstored ina novel mannergso vas' vto save time andy .labor 2in these' steps v and (to` facilitate sales QDratiQnaw-Ll f' In .the accompanying:drawings; showing, for purposes of exemplication, certain means' for carrying imy invention intogpractical dieet,-Y Fgl is aseiional planyiem Showineieenerally the 4outline of astoragegwarehouse equipped warehouse, showing one of vthe storage aisles for two adjacent'rows of bundle :stacks arranged therein-and alsoshowing a crane in cooperative of the. crane cradlein Aapplying bundles to or rer'novingthe same from the stack.,

r Fig.v anv end vvewvof thejsame.

Figs. '7 and 8 are, respectively, aside elevation and a transverse-section throughr one of the Fig. 91is agviewof1thel shipping rac-k.

FigjlO is aV similar View Vo ffthe sign` rack f vEig'. 11`is aviewof a stock sheet orvldirectory.

Y Fig-.12 is a similarlviewof 'a price sheetf In carrying my invention intol practice I provide-a storage or- Warehousepstructure l which maybe of anysuitable form and construction,

Y buty Whichias shown inthe present instance is of oblong; rectangular forni and having side walls 2 vandfendyWalls. 3 and 4 of any-suitable material 'orrmaterials and whchstructure is provided in praiicgwiili any' preferred type v,of roof (11012 v tracks.

shown). 'Ihe interior of the building is suitably formed and constructed to provide at the end 3 a receiving station or room 5, at the end 4 a delivery station or room 6, and between the same a storage room or space 'l extending the full length of the building between the rooms or stations 5 and 6.

The outer portion of the room 5 is provided with a floor 8 on which are mounted track rails 9 of a trackway extending through doorways or openings at the opposite sides of the room 5 and suitably connecting with the main tracks or siding of a railway, whereby transport cars II) in whichA lumber is shipped to the warehouse from a mill or other source of supply may be brought into theV room 5 in convenient position for unloading. At the inner portion of the room 5 an elevated floor or platform Il is arranged so as to conveniently receive the lumber unloaded from theV car I0, which floor Il is preferably disposed at the same level asa-nd continuous with the floor I2 of the storage room 'I.

The platform ill is'V employed not only as an unloading platform, but as a bundling patform on which the individual pieces of lumber, cut at the mill into suitable lengths for bundling, lare assembled upon a form into bundle shape and united by suitable binders into such shape to form the standard' unit package. AV suitable number of bundling forms are provided for the v purpose, and each is of portable type and preferably comprises a wheeled hand truck I3 which may be mounted upon tracks I4, or may operate directly on the warehouse floor independent of It tracks are used, there should be a plurality of connecting parallel tracks so that any suitable or convenient number of hand trucks I3 may be employed. Y

Each truck I3 is provided with a stacking bed or platform portion I5 on which the cut sticks or pieces llS of lumber to be formed into bundles are laid, and preferably, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, four sets of sticks or pieces, of the same material, are assembled upon. lthe bundling form or truck for the formation of four bundles in each operation, i. e., two superposed Vbundleson each side of the longitudinal center of- Vthe forming bed. The truck is provided at one end with a vhinged drop gate or tail gate Il and is provided at the sides thereof with suitably arranged holders I8 for the reception ofstakes or standards I9, the end stakes at each side of the truck, or those nearest to the gate Il, being provided with keepers 22@ to receive latch chains or hooks 2| on the gate whereby the gate may be secured in upraised position. The gate Il when in upraised position serves as a gage or abutment, and is formed orl displacement during the formation of the bun- Preferably the holders I8 are provided with l dles. clamping screwsV Ilia or other means for adjustably securing the stakes therein and each holder is preferably of duplex or multiple type or provided with a plurality of pockets to allow different spacing of the stakes at the sides of the truck to suit different widths of bundles which are to be formed from different sizes of lumber, and any suitable number of holders maybe arranged lon'- gitudinally of the truck to permit of the proper placing of the stakes for bundles of different lengths to be formed. Preferably supports 22, comprising channel irons extending transversely of theplatform I5 at suitable intervals, are provided to hold the lower pieces of the bundles spaced from the platform and to serve as gages to receive; and position at predetermined distances apart the lower cleats' or members of binders employed to hold the pieces of the bundles assembled, and to prevent displacement of the binders from the specified positions during the assembling operation. Each binder comprises a lower wooden cleat or strip 23 to which are attached the lower ends of metal straps 2e,

andan upper wooden cleat vor strip 25 to which the upper ends of the straps are to be secured.

The binders, of which two or more may be employed to each bundle for securing the pieces thereof together, according to the length of the bundle, Vare arranged a 'fixed distance apart as set forth to serve as vertical and horizontal (longitudinal) spacing members of the bundles to permit of the cranev cradle or rack being placed for the vready lifting or placing of bundlesV and to limit the vertical spacing ofthe bundles so as to avoidlobjectionable spacing which would occur if the binders of Ysuperposed'bundles were allowed to rest upon oneanother. AThe bundle former` as thus constructed is adapted for therformation of two sets or piles of superposed bundles, one set or pile on each side of the longitudinal center of the former, in such manner as to reduce both Vtime and labor in these operations and also in such manner as to automatically gage the placing-of `the pieces to secure their correct placing without material Vcare or thought on the'part of lthe operator, as well as to secure an automatic gaging of the bundles of the pile so that such bundles may be lifted by a crane and stacked with other bundles in a novel manner Vto facilitatetheir engagement with and disengagement from the crane and their transport thereby. In forming the rst or bottom bundle of a pile, the proper number o'f lower cleats 23, with the straps 24 attached thereto, are placed in their holders 22 and thepieces of lumber I6 as removed from the transport vehicle IB are laid thereon and in superposed relation and with one end of each in contact with gaging abutment IIa until a suf".-

' cient numberrare assembled'to form a bottom bundle, after which acorresponding number of top cleats 25 are laid across the top pieces l of the bundle and the straps 24 then drawn tight about the assembled pieces and their upper or free ends secured to the cleats 25 to complete the formation of the bundle. Two bundles may thus be formed at the same time on the bed of the truck, one on each side of the longitudinal center thereof. Then two yother or upper bundles may be formed on top ofthese completed bundles by placing Vother lower cleats 23 against the upper cleats 25 'of the bottom bundles already formed and the operation continued the same asin forming of the4 lower bundles, in which operation, however, one end of each piece of lumber is brought to bear against the gaging abutment IIb to long'itudinally space the pieces of the upper bundles withrelation to those of the lower bundles. The bundling trucks carry center stakes or standards I9 to keep bundles apart vertically in forming bund1es,"and these stakesand the side stakes I9 serve as gages to ensure the placing of the pieces so that the outer longitudinal edges of the outermost or side pieces in each horizontal rrow of parbundle so formed; J Alfter thefformation'of .the

" aus pieceswiu accuratelyv register at ther-sidesVv by crane.

of the bundle. Akgage may beused to keepfsimilarly thebundles apartrwhen being transported- The completed V.bundles may then be removed by lifting them vertically off the'hand truck after gate il VVis loweredv and stakes "I9` loosened. The cleats 23 resting in .supports 22 provide a means for spacingthe bundles'from"Y the platform i5 to permit of the insertion of the engaging 'members of a crane'underand about the bundles tov adaptthe` same totbesimultaneously removed for transfer to a ste1ra/ge"'s'tacl` The particular'mannerV inf which" the bundles may be formed,A andthe advantages arising there;- from,` ywill be* readilyunders'tood by vreference to Figs. l. 7, 8 andthe following description. AIt will be noted that each truck'lS provides a bundle 'former which is open at one (its rear)l end and v.closed at itslopposite (or forward)A end when the drop gate il is swung upward and latched in' such position. In forming a bottom bundle betweenthe center and left handfside of the bundle forme er, ,for example, the bottom slats 23'of the binders for the bundle, to which the binder straps are attachedfare placed'in the properV channeled holders 22', whereby the binders areV accuratelyvgaged aspto position respecting their distances from each other and theirldistances frornrthe ends 13,0, of the bundle to be formed. The bundle former i3V having been Aarranged alongside the vcarrier 'vehicieA i@ containing the lumber pieces which are to be formed into bundles, the lumber pieces to form the bottom' bundle.

slats 25 are then applied across the upper row ofA directlmwhen and as removed'from the vehicle Q i, are placed in position ron'. the bundle former.:

so doing the first llumber piece of the horizontal bottom' row is Ainserted ylongitudinally through the open rear end of the former so that its outer t side edge bears: against either the stakes i9 or the stakes E9', accordingly as the pieces are laidl from left to right or right'to left, and until the e forward endl of Vsaid lumberv piece abutsagainst the bottom abutment surface il of the abutment l member whereby; in the actvofl inserting the n lumber pier-ie,v which rests upon the gaging hold-1 j 'i ers fone end of the lumber piece, one sideof the lumber piece and the bottom of the lumberY piece are properly gagedwith reference to the positions which they are to occupyin the bundle and-with regard to the spacing of thel lumber piecev above the gap vl without particular attention or care on theparto the operator. After this nrst lumber piece vof the bottom row is inserted the intermediate a-ndside pieces composing the bottom row are ttedin position Iin parallel relation to each other and so that the forward ends of said pieces will engage the abutment sur= face il and the side piece will engage the stakes' i9 or the stakes i9', as the case'may be, accorde" ing to whether the row Vis formed from left to right or rightto left of the forming space;V Thfe lumber pieces comprising the other rows are'then laid by the operators in like manner uponthe preceding rows` until the required numberof rows-V of superpcsed lumber pieces haveY been built up The upperbinder lumber pieces and the Aends* ofthe binder slats drawn over upon and secured thereto, whereby a bound'bundle is formed` in which the slats at the ends and sides `of the bundle are exactly gaged or Ydisposed in vregistering alinement withv each Y other 'andin which the'top and bottomfslats l23 e and 25 of the bundle are accurately spaced and yarranged `to serre as abutment gages forthe vformation oa second or top bundle on the" bottom top bundle arese't in position with their bottom slatsengaging'the rear edges of .the topslats of' the I' bindersofv thelowerbundle and restinglon the top rowy of lumber pieces of vtherbottom bundle,whereby said binders of the top bundle are properly set in gaged'position to space them the same'distance apartas the bindersof .the'bottomv bundle.v VThe top bundle is then formed by the insertion of lumber pieces in the same manner as.

Y above described with relationto the bottom bun-l dleruntil'the required .number'ofr rows of .lumber pieces are builtup t'oform a second bundle having thelsar'ne number of pieces and of the same div v mensions as those of. the bottom bundle. thebote tom slats of the binders of vthe top bundleA supporting said'bundle from the bottom bundle and vspacing the bottom row of lumber vpieces of the topbundle an accurate distance from the-top row of llumber pieces of thebottom bundle. In the operation of yassembling the'lumberpieces forming the top bundle,the forward' ends `of these lumber piecesy arebrought to bear against theY innerfabutment' surface [la ofthe abutment I1, which lies in averticalA planel oiset inwardly from'the abutment surface il', asaresultof` which thek forward endof theetop bundle :formedV is spaced longitudinally from or caused tolter-A minate a gaged distance inwardly from the 'for-- ward'end of the bottom bundle, whereby the rear- A end of the top bundle is caused to project 'a simi- L lar distance' rearwardly beyond the rear end of the bottom bundle, so that the ends of the superposed bundles will be offset to lie in diierent ver# tical planefsor staggered with relation to each other. While a pair offsuperposed bundles-.are

ybeingformed in the` 'manner ldescribed between the longitudinal center and leftY hand end of the'` former, two similar bundlesrmlayl be in process of formation between the longitudinal'center mandright'hand side of thel former. 4so* that four. bundles comprisingltwo piles; of a pair of superposedbundles to akpile,v may Ybe formed ,aty the Vsame y time Aupon the lbundle former. By this construe-j tion of the former and mode of lfcrmingthe'bun'- dles, the lumber pieces maybe Vdirectly delivered from the vehicle IB inthe dirnensioriedv form in which they are supplied from a lumbermill'and placedA upon theformingv truck so that in the op'- eration of placing'the lumber piecesthey will at the same time beformed into bundles,'w`ith a material'reduction in time andlabor over all customary practices in bundling lumber for vstorage or for storage vand i dispensation. The lumber ing, andthen'all'four bundles may be engaged :the slings of the craneand lifted by Ythe cranefofll the former and deliveredA by means rofthe crane tothe proper storage point in the storage'fhouse.

f As, inthe operation of forming the bundles, they are spaced by the gaging holdersZZ from the forming 4bed l5, it will be understood thatfby4 simply dropping down' the gate ll'both ends ofV all the bundles on the former will be exposed 'so that the slings of lthe crane'may beslipped undef.

the' rends ofr the bottombundles and into `the Y space between the same and the bed l5; thusr facilitatingthe operation of engaging-the'bundles 55'- Apiles may then be vrdelivjevzrjed by prnovernentrof the truckfto a'pointwhere they areto'be transported .by a crane to avstorage space in the storage build- I with the crane slingsiand reducing time and'la` f bor in that' cdnnection. As, also; in lthe forming operation,'the piles of bundles are provided with spacing bindersA and'soarrangedYA that the bunr dles of eachpile have their ends staggered, the piles of bundlestransported by the crane may be laid directlyupon other similar piled bundles and gaged .as placed in position by the binders so that two stacks of parallel bundles, in which the bundles of each stack are longitudinally staggered with relation to each other, may be built up without the exercise of any particular care or adjustments on the part of the crane operator, thus providing for thestorage of the bundles in stacks in a time and labor saving manner. As previously stated, as the ends of the bundles in the stacks are disposed in staggered relation, the operation of engaging the lslingsof the` crane therewith in removing bundlesl from a stack is also facilitated and time and labor further saved in this operation. i

It will be understood from the foregoing that the stock lumber suitablycut or in suitable sizes to be formed into bundles of the desired size is, upon its removal from the car l0, loaded upon the truck forms I3 and formed into bundles in the unloading oper-ation, the bundle forming operations being completed by uniting the free ends of the binder strips, so that, with but a single handling of the material as unloaded from the supply car Ill, it may be formed into bundles ready for conveyance to and storage in the warehouse'room l. Cranes or equivalent hoisting and conveying apparatus 26 are provided for transferring the bundles from the receiving room 5 to the storage room l and stacking them in the latter, and delivering the bundles from the stacks, as required, to the delivery room 6 for outgo shipment. A plurality or trucks I3 are employed in order that thev operation of unloading the lumber from thesupply car IG and its formation into bundles may be carried out by successive operations of forming bundles ontrucksV i3, one after the other, without the necessity of delaying such operations while load-ed trucks are waiting to be relieved of their bundles lby the working cranes, when and in the event thatY the cranes are actively engaged at the time in stacking work inthe room l or in the transportation of bundles to the stacks or from the Vstacks to the delivery room, thus"avoiding the waste of time which would otherwise occur.

The roomror storage space 'I is divided by longitudinal rows of columns or uprights 21 into a desired number of aisles or alleyways extending uninterruptedly from the floor level l2 toa point near the roof of the building or a desired level below the same. in the present instance the room i is Vshown as divided by the rows of columns 2l into iive aisles or alleys 28, 29, 3D, 3l, and 32, inclusive, each designed to receive at least two closely arranged longitudinally extending and transversely alined rows of stacks or piles of bundles formed as previously described. These aisles may bev of the same width, if stacks of bundles of the same length are to be stored therein, but are preferably of suitably dierent widths to receive stacks of lumber in bundles of different vari-eties and lengths according to the typel or character of the lumber of which the bundles are composed. The bundles of the different stacks or piles, however, are so formed and arranged as `to register in transverse rows, so that an equal number of piles or stacks may be placed in teach-longitudinal row, or the rows sodsposed that the stack or pile positions may be properly numbered for each right and left hand pile or stack in each aisle, for convenience in placing the stacks or piles in position-,andrin locating the same for piling and unpiling operations and for the purpose of storing and dispensing different kinds of lumberl in a convenient and rapid manner. To this end, the pile or stack positions in each aisle are properly designated by indicators ,indicating the variety or character and dimensions of the materials comprising the bundles in the stacks disposed in the different stack Spaces, as by numbers prominently placed upon the floor I2 or at other convenient points so as to bey conveniently read from overhead. In the present instance each Iaisle 28 to 32, inclusive, is shown asV provided `-with fifty-one stack spaces or stations, which are properlynumbered from thedelvery end toward the receiving end of the building, each stack spaceor stage having inner and outer right and left hand transversely alined stacks arranged therein, which are spaced from each other at their inner andY proximate ends by a conveyor `passage 33 and which are separated at their outer ends from the columns 2 by spaces 34. These spaces 33 and 34 provide longitudinal aislettes along the sides of the stacks or between the stack rows for passage of employees or attendants and fortrav-el of cooperating portions of the cranes or conveyors whereby the bundles may be transported.

The columns 21 vcarry tracks 35 which support track rails Se, two such track rails 36 being provided in each stack aisle for engagement by the wheels or` rollers of a traveling crane or con-- veyor 37 mounted for longitudinal travel therein, and which track rails also extend beyond the stack aisles over the receiving station 5 and delivery station 6 so that the crane may be en ployed to pickup the bundles formed on the hand trucks at the receiving station and convey vthem to the stacking points in the room l' Vior build-ing'up and replenishing the piles of a single stack or two transversely alined stacks when required `lat one and the same time, and for transporting the bundles to be rsold or shipped out from either or both stacks at one and the same time, if required, to the delivery or shipping station 6.

The cranefis provided with a depending carriage 38 to contain the operator and control devices and which travels in the passage 33 between the piles or stacks, so that the operator may be in a position to conveniently control the crane and to observerthe stacks and read the indicating numbersof the stacks from his position in the crane carriage and govern the placa ing of the bundles upon one another or their removal from the piles or stacks. The carriage 38 carries a ladder 39 to enable the operator or others to conveniently ascend to or descend from the carriage, and in practice this ladder is preferably supported so that it may be moved downwardly for use when desired and drawn upwardly into the crane carriage when not in use. The crane bridge carries, on opposite sides of the carriage, a pair of hoisting members il for supporting hooks, grapples or similar bundle engaging Y members 4I winch may consist, as shown in the the, aisle between the `staclisrand beneath the in ythe `plant eng-aged in `lumber inspecting andl and heights ofY the bundle or bundlesftobeenf gaged. In addition'V to thewend engaging members, one or more center or intermediate engaging members may also be employed when necessary on long length Alumber to lend support andV prevent sagging ofthe bundles. The center en gaging members are'not shown, as these ,may` be ofr any ordinary or preierredtype, and as theV ,construction and use of such devices will be readilyjunderstood by lthoseversed inv theart without illustration or further des cription. It will be observed that thedepending crane carriage 38 I is of such narrow'width: that it mayftravel in the aisle between twov lumber stacks without interferenoe therewith, and that this carriage termin-etes yat a suiiicient level above the flQor of the aisle vto ,permit attendants toY walk along crane while the latter isin operation, sor'that thevfloorof each'aisleandthe aisle itselfv isree oijobstructions-to the travel of workmen or others otheroperations even during `theoperation `of a way positionand is lowered .only when the crane crane. lWhen the crane is in activeoperation the ladder 39 is drawn upward to an out of the operator wishes tofdescend vfrom thecrane carrier Y to ltherilcor levelor to climb upward into the crane carrienfrom the yfloorglevel. -This constructionof the crane carriage permits of the arrangement" of` the slings 4B at oppositey sides thereof so as to be disposedfor operation above thev respective stacks at opposite sides of the aisle and so as to be simultaneously orinde-y pendently manipulated by the operator 'in` the crane carriage to `remove bundles fromthe. stack or to pile bundlesthereon at any level. y

Upon the floor or other suitable portions of the building may be placed suitablesignsor indicia specifying -thevsizes-and kinds of lumber storedl in the piles in therrespective aisles, anditwill be understood that, in practice, bundles of lumber of the same kinds'. andlengths, Aorvdifferent kinds and `lengths up to a certain limit maybe stored in each aisle. Thus, byreference to Fig. 1,

. it will be seen iromQthedesignations lgiven that the division spaces of aisle'ZS contain stacks 0rv piles of bundlesk of eight feet,. nine feet and ten feet, respectively, aisle 29 containsbundles of lumber of twelve foot length, ai'sle3ll Acontains bundles of lumber of fourteen foot length, aisle 3i' contains bundles .of lumber of sixteen foot length and that Vthe divisionspacesof aisle 3 2 s contains bundles -oflumber of eighteengt'wenty,

twenty-twok and twenty-four foot lengths arranged Vin appropriate piles. f t

ihe'lurnber containedlin the bundles in the piles or stacks may be ofrdiversiied character.

and comprise the entire range ofHthe different Kinds of lumber commonly carried byr adealer for retail or semi-wholesale purposes, namely,

framing in allv of itslvarious sizes and different lengths, siding, ooring, ceiling, bulkhead, etc., and there may be in eachbundle a predetermined number of pieces vofgiven length, making a desiredtotal number of feet ofthe particular material in each bundle. Thus, for example, there maybe thirty-six pieces-of 2 x 4 material, each of a length of eightfeet, in eachbundle of a j certaingpile oristack and `the same number. oi

pieces .but of different lengths of the same materialin other piles or stacks, and there may be twenty-four pieces of v2 X 6 materi.a l,each oi eight feet, in each bundle of a certain stack stacks and the same number of pieces, but

orI diferent lengths,in bundles of other stacks, andy this may 'applvto dierent kinds, lengths andgqualities of flumber, putup in bundles -of any desirednumber of pieces and footage to suit the usuall trade demands. The piles or lstacks of. different kinds, lengths and grades of lumberv Y are conveniently arranged in the numbered stack positions o r stages in the diierentaisles; each stack position or stageV bearing a designating number applyingI to two transversely alined piles or stacks, which VVmaybe diierentiated by thejuse,V

in addition to the number, of the letter Lto mclicate left and theA letter R vtovindieate right, as-Ll and'LlS, whereby their positions may -be simply and accurately indicated. i

lIn the operation ofthe crane along the aisles for-the purpose. of depositingor removing bund lesgthe trucl; of thecrane travels in the overmanner thateach bundle will be; vertically spaced from the oth'er,` to permit of the ready and convenient insertionof the crane engaging'members endwise beneath and in engagement with the des ired bundle to be lifted alone or withanother superposed upon it. Preferably,` buty not neces--V sari1y,the bindersare also so positioned'that the bundleswhen piled will have their ends horizontally or'longitudinally spaced from one another, thus staggering the ends oi thebundles with respect toreachother, to further facilitate the engagement of the crane engaging memberstherevwith. .As before described, the binders are disposed a fixed distance apart with relation to each other and to the ends of the bundles, so that in placing one bundle upon another the lower` cleats 23 of each upper bundle is arranged to abut laterallyagainst the upper cleats 23 of the bundle 'immediately below it, with the result that the bundles will bevertically spaced by the cleats between their Yproximate faces, andthe binders arealso preferably so disposed as to cause the bundles to be longitudinallyspaced by reason of the fact that the binders 'will be out of vertical alinementV and oneend of each bundle will project vbeyond or overlap the adjacent endof an adjacent bundleto 'a predetermined or gaged degree and the opposite end ofthe first-named bundle will lie within'the vertical plane 'of the adjacent end of the otherjbundle'. By this arrangement'when the bundles are arranged in stack formation the superposed bundles will lie in'zigzag order or'arrangern'ent throughout the pile or stackv from bottom to top thereof, so that the ends of .-thebundlesat each end of the'pile vor stack will alternately` project or recede with relation tof each `other.f With this arrangement the projecting ends of adjacent superposed bundles` will ,form guides to adapt the'crane engaging ,members ,el to -beeasily slipped yin position between such vbundles for the removal of the upper bundle and any disposed above it, by which means the Joper'ationy of stacking' and vunstacking the Y bundles maybe performed with great ease and facility and in a timeand labor saving manner. Eachy stackforpile may consistof single bundle .units arranged in', superposed order, or of ltwo or stack space or upon the proper stack pile, and in-l a similar manner bundles may be transported from any stack or pile in the storage room to the delivery platform at the delivery station 6 for transfer to a delivery truck or vehicle in the shipment of the lumber to a customer, such operations enabling unitary bundles containing fixed amounts of lumber of any kind to be handled a minimum number of times and with the greatestease and facility to reduce handling expenses, while enablingr material of a predetermined or stock size to be supplied without waste or liability of damage in conducting a sales transaction. While this zigzag method of piling is preferred, any other method of piling allowing readyremoval of bundles may be employed so long as it accords and coacts with a preliminary step of bundling the material into unit packages to provide a system which facilitates handling, storage and transportation of the bundles..

In the lumber industry the piece has always been used heretofore as they unit yof handling and a thousand feet as the basis of figuring and merchandising. These ways of handling and merchandising have been departed from only to a limited extent, as, for example, in the putting up, for convenience of handling, of shingles and other like small lumber items in bundle form of a certain number to a bundle, the bundles of which are stacked or piled more or less haphazardly in bins in a lumber yard or warehouse, this practice applying only to such items as are commonly made in xed sizes, but not to different kinds and dimensions of lumber commonly put up in diiferentlengths and piled in piece form in stacks or bins in a lumber yard and which must be cut to ordered lengths to suit different sales orders. My invention differs from these previous practices in putting up dimensioned stock in standard unit packages for the purpose of overcoming the objections to such previous practices and solving the problem of obviating the handling, piling and cutting of the pieces a large number of times, and the waste of 'time'and material thus occurring, while at the same time furnishing pre-dimensioned stock of any and all kinds of lumber in standard unit packages of the footage amounts commonly called for bythe trade and the public. Many attempts have been made to reducejthe handling of such dimensioned stock and to devise ways of marketing the same in standard unit packages, but with disappointing results. My invention solves the problem and effectually over# comes the previous diiculties, without the necessity oi yvarying present methods of milling theV stock in conventional thicknesses, lengths and widths, for the reason that it provides a method whereby any dimensioned stockv may be easily and quickly, and with a Vminimum amount of labor, put up as received by a storage warehouse from a mill, and during the process of loading from a transport vehicle, into unit package form and in such manner as to produce standard unit packages which, as formed, may ber engagedl and transported as such forstorage into stacks which may be arranged with a great savingof space in the storage warehouse. My invention further provides a method whereby such standard units are adaptedl to be stacked in a prescribed manner and in such manner that the application to and removal of the packages from the stacks for stack building and unit dispensing purposes may be affected in a ready, quick and economical way, to further reduce the number of pilings and handlings, so that finished lumber of various varieties and sizes, and in amounts commonly called for, may be supplied to purchasers at a material saving as compared with the storage and handling methods commonly employed.y My invention also provides a method of stacking the standard unit packages in avwar'ehouse for coaction with an overhead handling crane whereby the amount of floor space ordinarily required for the occupancy and travel of an ordinary crane or other handling devices may be saved and such handling devices removed entirely from the storage space, leaving the'latter available for the storage of a maximum amount of standard lumber unit packages. My method of bundling or packaging and stacking further allows the crane operator to readilyv identify, from an overhead positionY above the stacks, the particular stacks containing the standard units of the variety or varieties and dimensions of lumber called for by sales orders, and to remove simultaneously from one or more adjacentst'acks a selected number of bundle units for transfer to v'thesales room or sales point in the warehouse, By thus coordinating the bundling or packaging, storing and handling orv conveying stepsr so that they coact to produce a unitary result in the way of reducing the number of handling operations required in packaging, storing and conveying the goods, and the amount of space required for the purpose, a commerciallyV practical way of furnishing in standard unit packages lumbermaterial of various kinds and of standard thicknesses, lengths and widths is produced, and one which will not only stimulate the sale of lumber, because of the convenient and low cost with which it can be supplied, but which will protect the product from damage and the public from the purchase of inferior material. This method, unlike any other, lends itself admirably to the packaging by large lumber concerns of all kindsfof lumber in standard unit packages in such manner as to permit such concerns to warrant the amount and quality of their product, similar to the manner in which other packaged goods aresold,` and which has not been possible heretofore in lthe production and sale of lumber. Iam aware of the fact that Vit has heretofore been a practice to temporarily bundle pieces of lumber together in a desired quantity for convenience in performing a certain specicj step of treatment in the manufacture of finished lumber, as, for example, for seasoning, drying, and like operations, with the idea simply of Vholding the material together for a certain time While the work is being done. In such steps, however, as heretofore employed there has never been anyv intended uniformity of bundling, spacing or binding either for the purpose Yof selling different varieties of dimensioned lumber in standard unit'packages, or of effecting any particular handling coaction between bundles of a particular quantity, or between one bundle and another, or between binding means so coacting in bundles that the bundles may be stacked andrtransported in a particular way to produce a system of handling between operations of unloading lumber pieces from a mill and a sales transaction, whereby the successful and economical production and sale of. lumber in ried out. f I' Av. .7

f delivery room or station t is providedwith ailoor dbelcw the level ofthe lfloors i I and I2 and forming la roadway vfor delivery trucks or vehicles dbf to which the'bundles of lumber/for dee.A

livery may be directly1transferred from the storage room, 'i bythe 'proper crane. .The'room' .is

also provided with a platform Ml arranged at the same level as the platform i i and iloor ion which a shipping clerk may sta-nd forvconvenience in conducting.orvsupervising load transfersand other transactions. Preferably there is provided upon the wall d above the platform M a shipping chart or directory board d5 and a shipping cardvholding trarne or rack it of the type shown in Figs. l'i and 8,y respectively." The'chart'or .directory i5 is provided with. a central Vertical space il above which is placed the wordTrucks, and. on opposite sides'of the centralvertical space are other spaces it and e9 separated, like the spacer al, by horizontal transverse lines into placard rey ceiving sub-divisions, the sub-divisions of the` left hand ySpaces being headedby.- the designating 'caption-Left and thessub-.divisions ofthe right Y handv spaces being designated bythe caption Right.

l plates 52 bearing numbers designating the vpile rows in the storage aisles.' Vhung overth'e' upper part of designating tags 52 so as to show thenumber of bundles of a'par- Quantity tags 53 `are ticularkind desired;A ,Thepurpose'fof this shipping or directory chart is to ,enable the delivery clerk to designate to the-drivers of delivery trucks andV to the crane operators ordersof materials to be supplied from certain stacks to certain delivery trucks, so that, evenvin the temporary ,absence ofthe delivery clerk or,r while he is busily engaged in some part of his work, theV craneman and deliveryman may carry on their work withoutr the necessity of being vgiven oral instructions and in such mannerk as to prevent wasteA oftime in delivering operations.Y The rackV or holder 46 is designed to hold supply of the numbered plates Silit, En? and 53 and is provided with properly designated ,compartments` orthe purpose, the pocketscf the stack plates corresponding in nurnber tothe number of stack piles in the aisles, as will be evident by reference vto thepplate holding pockets of the rack designated'v by they word Stecks f I There are also preferably providedatrsuitable points within the delivery or shipping room vstock sheets or boards designatingthe kinds-oi material and the location thereof inthe storage roomV l.

l, One or"Y these stock sheets Lor delveryxsheets designated as shown in Fig..V ll, is applied tothe stock contained inthe'bundlesr of thev stacks vof one .oi the aisles or alleys, and itwillbe undern stood that in practice a sheet or directory of this kind will be provided for indicating the character and location or the material in the bundles of the piles or' stacks in each of the aisles orV alleys. This sheet-or directory contains reference tovarious sizes or kinds of material, and thegrade thereof, and the number vofithe stacker pile inl which In the sub-divisions of the verticalv space are adapted to be placed and hung or itisfkepvt,preteded by the letter Rlor letter has the casevimay-beyto indicate that the material is inthe right hand' or `leftlfia'nd stacks of stackl stage No. '1. i Byrreference to this the location ofl any kind of lumber keptfor sale in theestablislb' ment Vmay be readily, conveniently and quickly determined, andthe craieman operatingA in any aisle or alleyway by the manner 'in which the piles 'in the aisles' are designated', quickly stop 'his craneand bring it into position to remove'bundles from'the designated pile Y'or'v Vpiles for .transfer to the delivery trucks, thus ysavingY time and'work-in these'foperations. For the convenience of theem-y ployees and customers there may also be placed at a suitablepoint inthe deliveryzrooma price sheet or board 'iid vof the type shown inFig. 12,' which sheet or board is provided ywith appropriately des'-' ignated spacesfgi'ving thenumber of pieces ofn'ia' terial-in 2f or other kind of stock-the length' ofv the bundle,-the total number offset therein, the pri'c'efpe'r thousand,;and thejprice per bundle,'and this "sheetgcnlyapo'rtion of whichsas actually usedin practice is'shownymay and willv preferably be pro vided with' divisions A giving information re'- spectngthe kind and number'of pieces of material of ldiierent"classes in all the bundles through-- out the piles or stacks and otheriniormation of the"kind="notedlwith the objectief .reducing time and labor and facilitating the conduct of the busi-v ness. The'price 'tables' given are deslgnated'vor use, in'aocordance Withthis methodof handling lumbenin thel-selling'offbundles ofk lumber of' a' is' i so on as indicated, the price tables allowing comparisons' to .be made with prices forlumber charged in lumber transactions .conducted inthe usual Way.` y l 1 j From the'foregoing description takengin, connection with 'the drawings, .the constructionand mode of operation' of the-mechanical means, and the steps o-the method,iorcarrying ,my.inven- Will be seen that the invention provides a ware housev construction andnie'thod 'of bundling lumber andfstacking the Ibundledf lumber therein A whereby larger quantities. of lumber maybe stored within 1a Warehouse 'of given size 'by thexmethod of bundling and'stackin'g and the` elimination I 501 y tion intofpractice will be readily understood; andit of the driveways Vusuallyeinpio-yed for convenience` tion provides a method. andmeans whereby the lumber kas delivered from .ga mill or..s`ourcefiof, supply may be bundled in propershape forieither retail or semi-wholesale sales transactions,Y andA whereby such'lumber may not 'only kbe rapidly formed into bundles but/conveyed to and stacked Ywithinjthe.'warel'io-use ina ready andzconvenient manner .andl in such a manner-as to enable bundles of different kinds of lumber to be quickly located and removedfrom the stacksV 'and `'transported to a delivery room or stage for Vdelivery shipment. This method oi'bundlingand'storihg'lumloer allowslftne lumbery to be kept clean and dry andv straighter lumber, thatY is'lumberffiree from warping' or ,'crookingf and twisting defects, 'to be furnished? at 'lowesthanvusual prices.` Thisialso follows from the fact .that the lumbermay be stored and handled with less waste and inless time and with less labor as many usual handling koperations are eliminated and the time periodsof other necessary operations reduced. Other important advantages are as follows, first, that the bundled lumber is bundled, stored and merchandised insuch away that its position as Ato direction is never changed from the time vit reaches the bundling room until it reaches the warehouse on delivery trucks;Y second, that` the lumber is stored in aisles in the warehouse with all piles arranged in such order that bundles from any of the piles may be conveniently picked up by transfer cranes, the arrangement of the piles being such as to facilitate the engagement of the engaging members of the cranes with the bundles in stacking and delivery operations; third, the warehouse arrangement allows` the lumber to be stacked as nearly as possible with all of one length of lumber in a single aisle or alley, and the alleys to be properly numbered so that consecutive numbers will represent piles of lumber at the right and left of a passageway therebetween; fourth, an arrangement whereby a shipping chart may be placed at the head of .each aisle or alley on which the shipping clerk may designate to the crane operators by numbered cards how many bundles of lumber and from what piles of lumber he desires load may be obtained, thus reducing time and labor in collecting lumber for delivery; and, fifth, my improved method and apparatus permits of the warehousing and merchandising of bundled lumber in quantities that can not be conveniently handled by hand and of a character allowing immediate delivery. of specified quantities of lumber. in bundled form, so as to reduce time, labor and expense to both the dealer and the customer.

Also it will'be seen from the foregoing description that my invention provides a method of bundling and dispensing lumber whereby lumber may be dispensed in the form of bundles `consisting of a certain number of pieces of a given length and width, such bundles constituting basic units of sales instead of the basis of so much per thousand feet at which lumber is commonly sold, whereby the advantages hereinbefore set forth maybe secured and the disadvantages to a customer of dealing under the so much per thousand foot method overcome and avoided in a simple and effective manner.

Figs. 5 and 6 show the use of anti-tipping stays 23 comprising loose pieces of lumber, as 2" x 2" pieces each 4 long,'placed so as to extend at intervals between bundles of two vertical piles of bundles forming a stack, and which may be arranged between every fourth or fifth bundle of each pile, to tie the piles of a tall stack together so as to mutually support each other and thus prevent the stack from toppling over. It Will be understood that a stack twenty feet high or higher and formed of a single pile of two feet wide bundles would be unstable and would fall over if not supported, and that the same would be true of astaek composed of two or more such unsupported piles disposed side by side. By using the stays 23 as described, however, this difficulty is overcome in a very simple manner and without using .supports liable to interfere with the convenient and free use of the crane, and by disposing the stays as set forth a high stack formed of a minimum of two narrow piles may be supported through the coupling of the piles by the stays as to prevent the stack from falling over.

A While the specific steps of the method and construction of parts of the apparatus herein disclosedare preferred for the carrying of the invention into practical effect, it is to vbe understood, of course, that the invention is not limited to the particular 'steps and structural features shown and .described for purposes of exemplication, but that suitable variations in the steps of the method and changes in the form, construction and arrangement of parts of the apparatus may be made, within the scope ofthe appended claims, without departing from the spirit or sacricing any of the advantages of the invention.

1. The method of bundling and stacking lum ber, which consists in laying a predetermined number of pieces of lumber in superimposed rows with the ends of the pieces at the ends of the rows in alinement, uniting the rows of pieces into a bundle by means of a set of binder bands formed to provide transverse -gaging elements spaced a predetermined distance from each other and from the ends of the bundle, disposing upon the bundle so formed a second set of binder bands with their bottom' gaging abutments in lateral engagement with the top gaging abutments of the binders of the bundle so formed, laying a predetermined number of pieces to form a second bundle superimposed upon the first and applying thereto the second-named binder bands, whereby the completed bundles will be vertically spaced by the binder bands and also longitudinally spaced by said bands so that their ends will lie in different Vertical planes, and then piling the bundles so formed in the same relation with other bundles longitudinally in parallel horizontal planes so as to vertically space the bundles and dispose the ends of the bundles in staggered order at each end of the stack.

2. The method of bundling and stacking lumber, which consists in forming bundles of lumber with transverse top and bottom gaging and spacing abutments arranged a predetermined distance from each other and from the ends of the bundle, and piling the bundles longitudinally in parallel longitudinal planes upon one another in stacks on opposite sides of a separating aisle with the ends of the bundles at one end of one stack facing the ends of the bundle at one end of the other stack, whereby the bundles of each stack Will be vertically and longitudinally spaced as piledby'the spacing and gaging abutments of the binders so as to dispose the ends of the bundles in staggered order at each end of each stack and so as to adapt the ends of bundles of the respective stacks to be readily engaged by bundle engaging devices arranged at opposite sides of the carriage of a Vtransfer crane traveling in the aisle between the stacks.

, 3. The method of bundling lumber which consists in successively forming a pair of superposed bundles of `pieces of lumber united by binder bands arranged on each bundle in spaced relation to each other andto the ends of the bundle and with the binders ofthe bundles relatively arranged to form transverse spacing and abutment gages whereby in the formation of the superposed bundles the bundles will be vertically spaced and the bundle ends longitudinally spaced to dispose the ends of the bundles in staggered order.

4. rIhe method of forming and stacking bundles of lumber, which consists in first forming a bottom bundle by laying pieces of lumber in a specified relationito a set of .binder bands having top and bottom abutment members, and so that the endsof thepieces alinewith eachother, until a required number of pieces are laid, then binding the pieces together by the binder bands at points spaced a predetermined distance vfrom each other and from the ends of the bundle, then placing a second set of binder bands upon the bottom bundle so formed so that the bottom abut-v mentmembers of said bands lie in transverse abutting engagementwith the top .abutment members of the bands ofthe bottom bundle;Y then laying pieces of lumber of a required number to binding the pieces of the top bundle together by 1 means Yof the second set of binders. Y

Y Y ARTHUR B. CHAMBERS. 

